المصادر وحقوق الصور

إرشادات أصلية للمربين تستند إلى المصادر المرتبطة. أرقام التاريخ الطبيعي وتجارب المربين مراجع وليست مواعيد مضمونة. لا تُحدد هنا إعدادات حاضنة أو جرعات أدوية ومكملات أو حدود حرارة عامة. تبقى القيمة المفقودة مجهولة ولا تُنسخ من نوع آخر.

San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance — Gouldian FinchBritish Gouldian Finch Club — Part 4: Gouldian finch breedingBritish Gouldian Finch Club — Part 3: Gouldian finch dietNational Finch & Softbill Society — Forbes or Tri-coloredNational Finch & Softbill Society — Red Headed/Throated ParrotToomey et al. 2022 — A mechanism for red coloration in vertebratesNational Finch & Softbill Society — Pin TailedNational Finch & Softbill Society — Green TwinspotBiodiversity Explorer — Mandingoa nitidula, citing Roberts VIIWaxbill Finch Society — Species profilesAvicultural Society of NSW — Orange-breasted Waxbill, Paul HenryU.S. Fish & Wildlife Service — Yellow-winged PytiliaNational Finch & Softbill Society — Blue and Purple WaxbillsNFSS Journal Nov–Dec 1994 — Society Finch, foster parent of the finch worldSusan Clubb DVM — Society FinchClinical Avian Medicine — Management of Canaries, Finches & MynahsMerck Veterinary Manual — Providing a Home for a BirdUniversity of Florida Small Animal Hospital — How to care for your pet birdAgriculture Victoria — Quarantine advice when introducing new birdsAnimal Welfare Victoria — Owning a birdAssociation of Avian Veterinarians — Emergency First AidAssociation of Avian Veterinarians — Protecting your pet birds from household dangersAssociation of Avian Veterinarians — Ultraviolet Lighting for Companion BirdsVCA Animal Hospitals — Feeding FinchesGary McCrae — The Tanimbar, Tri-coloured or Forbes Parrot Finch, NFSS Journal Nov–Dec2003, pp38–41Robin Restall — Pintailed Parrot-finch, NFSS Bulletin Sep–Oct1996, pp23–33Ziswiler, Güttinger & Bregulla — Monographie der Gattung Erythrura, Bonner Zoologische Monographien2 (1972)Gefiederter Freund3/2015 — Rotkopf-Papageiamadine breeding account, photographs Hans KälinNational Finch & Softbill Society — Violet-eared WaxbillWaxbill Finch Society — species profiles: Peter’s Twinspot and Violet-eared WaxbillBiodiversity Explorer — Granatina granatina, citing Roberts VIIMuseum Koenig Bonn — Roter Tropfenastrild (Hypargos niveoguttatus)Biodiversity Explorer — Hypargos niveoguttatus, citing Roberts VIICornell Lab of Ornithology — Lavender Waxbill identificationCornell Lab of Ornithology — Lavender Waxbill life historyNational Finch & Softbill Society — Lavender WaxbillWaxbill Finch Society — Lavender Waxbill species profileLainey Claflin — Breeding Lavender Waxbills, NFSS Bulletin Nov–Dec 1994, pp. 38–39San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance — Waxbill (Lavender Waxbill paragraph)Australian Museum — Beautiful FiretailAustralian Bird Study Association — Beautiful FiretailBirdLife Australia — Black-throated FinchKerri McCoy / NFSS — Parsons FinchCornell Lab — Chestnut Munia identificationCornell Lab — Chestnut Munia life historyAustralia Zoo — Chestnut-breasted MannikinWaxbill Finch Society — Chestnut-breasted and Black-headed Munia profilesNFSS — Masked GrassfinchAustralian Bird Study Association — Masked FinchAustralian Museum — Red-browed FinchNFSS — Grassfinch, Hecks or ShaftailNFSS — Painted FiretailGraeme Hyde / ASNSW — The Painted Finch (1975)Australian Museum — Diamond FiretailCornell Lab — Pale-headed Munia taxonomy and reference imagesG. F. Mees / Naturalis — Birds from Roti (1975), p.135James Cook University — Neochmia phaetonAvicultural Society of Australia — Australian FinchesAustralian Museum — North (1889), Crimson Finch egg and nest observationsBirdLife International — Yellow-rumped MannikinAustralian Bird Study Association — Yellow-rumped MannikinAvicultural Society of Australia — Mannikins and MuniasNFSS — Cherry Finch or PlumheadedAustralian Bird Study Association — Plum-headed FinchNFSS — Pictorella MannikinAustralian Bird Study Association — Pictorella MannikinAustralia Zoo — Australian Zebra FinchMuseums Victoria — Zebra FinchNFSS — Star FinchUniversity of Michigan Animal Diversity Web — Star FinchDoug Hill / Clifton Finch Aviaries — Star FinchesGlenn Johnson / Hawkesbury Finch Club — Painted Firetail FinchGlenn Johnson / Hawkesbury Finch Club — Crimson FinchITIS — Porphyrospiza (Thraupidae)Maillard & Catari 2004 — Blue Finch in BoliviaNFSS — Saffron FinchCornell Lab — Aves de la Ciénaga de la Virgen, Sicalis flaveolaHawaii DLNR — Brilliant Backyard BirdsAudubon — Scaly-breasted MuniaJames Cook University — Double-barred FinchAustralian Bird Study Association — Double-barred FinchBTO BirdFacts — GreenfinchBTO BirdFacts — GoldfinchBTO BirdFacts — ChaffinchWoodland Trust — ChaffinchWaxbill Finch Society — Species profiles (Red Avadavat, Java Sparrow, Spice Finch)Bird Society of Singapore — Red AvadavatCornell Lab — Java Sparrow life historyCornell Lab — Redpoll overview and merged taxonomyCornell Lab — Redpoll life historyNFSS — Blue-faced ParrotfinchHawkesbury Finch Club — Blue-faced ParrotfinchNFSS — Red Headed/Throated Parrot (E. psittacea)Bas van Balen — Biological notes on Tawny-breasted ParrotfinchITTO — Pulong Tau National Park ornithological reportBirdLife International — Erythrura coloria IUCN assessmentDeCicco et al. 2020 — New Guinea Erythrura: one species or two?BirdLife — Fiji Parrotfinch factsheetDarwin Initiative — Fiji Parrotfinch heritage profileCornell eBird — 2022 taxonomy update, Royal mergerVanuatu State of the Environment Report 2022Vanuatu conservation — Royal Parrotfinch factsheet No.11Michael Dahlem — Double-barred Finch field observationsBird Kingdom — Blue-faced ParrotfinchGefiederter Freund3/2015 — Rotkopf-Papageiamadine breeding account, photographs Hans KälinVCA Animal Hospitals — Plants That are Safe for BirdsVCA Animal Hospitals — Feeding FinchesVCA Animal Hospitals — Bathing BirdsAssociation of Avian Veterinarians — Protecting Your Pet Birds from Household DangersAustralian Veterinary Association Vet Voice — Household hazards for birdsRöhnfried — Avidress Plus 1000 ml

صورة (JPEG / PNG، حتى 5 MB)

Adult male red-headed Gouldian Finch reference photograph.
Gouldian Finch

Adult male red-headed Gouldian Finch reference photograph.

© Martybugs · CC BY-SA 3.0Unmodified; website may crop for display.
Black-headed Gouldian Finch reference showing uneven head feather coverage. Photograph alone does not establish cause.
Gouldian Finch — feather appearance reference

Black-headed Gouldian Finch reference showing uneven head feather coverage. Photograph alone does not establish cause.

© H. Zell · CC BY-SA 3.0Unmodified; website may crop for display.
Society Finch. Domestic Society/Bengalese Finch reference, used for foster bird care.
Society Finch

Society Finch. Domestic Society/Bengalese Finch reference, used for foster bird care.

© Anil Kumar · CC BY-SA 4.0Unmodified; website may crop for display.
Red-throated Parrotfinch — normal-form reference. NORMAL red-and-green form, NOT sea-green mutation. Owner mutation image pending. Do not label this image as sea-green.
Red-throated Parrotfinch — normal-form reference

Red-throated Parrotfinch — normal-form reference. NORMAL red-and-green form, NOT sea-green mutation. Owner mutation image pending. Do not label this image as sea-green.

© Trisha Shears from Louisville, Kentucky, United States · CC BY-SA 2.0Unmodified; website may crop for display.
Forbes / Tricoloured Parrotfinch. Adult normal-form reference, distinct from Blue-faced Parrotfinch E. trichroa.
Forbes / Tricoloured Parrotfinch

Forbes / Tricoloured Parrotfinch. Adult normal-form reference, distinct from Blue-faced Parrotfinch E. trichroa.

© DickDaniels (https://theworldbirds.org/) · CC BY-SA 3.0Unmodified; website may crop for display.
Green-backed Twinspot. Wild reference photograph; does not establish the subspecies of owner birds.
Green-backed Twinspot

Green-backed Twinspot. Wild reference photograph; does not establish the subspecies of owner birds.

© Wynand Uys · CC BY 4.0Unmodified; website may crop for display.
Orange-breasted Waxbill. Adult reference, also called Zebra Waxbill.
Orange-breasted Waxbill

Orange-breasted Waxbill. Adult reference, also called Zebra Waxbill.

© Derek Keats from Johannesburg, South Africa · CC BY 2.0Unmodified; website may crop for display.
Pin-tailed Parrotfinch. Adult male reference showing elongated central tail feathers.
Pin-tailed Parrotfinch

Pin-tailed Parrotfinch. Adult male reference showing elongated central tail feathers.

© Jason Thompson from Bangkok, Thailand · CC BY 2.0Unmodified; website may crop for display.
Yellow-winged Pytilia. Pair reference: female left, red-faced male right.
Yellow-winged Pytilia

Yellow-winged Pytilia. Pair reference: female left, red-faced male right.

© Edward Cwik · CC BY-SA 3.0Unmodified; website may crop for display.
Red-cheeked Cordon-bleu — example species. EXAMPLE red-cheeked male only. Owner Cordon-bleu species remains unconfirmed; do not imply this is their exact species.
Red-cheeked Cordon-bleu — example species

Red-cheeked Cordon-bleu — example species. EXAMPLE red-cheeked male only. Owner Cordon-bleu species remains unconfirmed; do not imply this is their exact species.

© Charles J. Sharp · CC BY-SA 4.0Unmodified; website may crop for display.
Gouldian Finch additional reference.
Gouldian Finch

Gouldian Finch additional reference.

© desertnaturalist · CC BY 4.0Unmodified; website may crop for display.
Gouldian Finch additional reference.
Gouldian Finch

Gouldian Finch additional reference.

© N Lindsay · CC BY-SA 4.0Unmodified; website may crop for display.
Society Finch additional reference.
Society Finch

Society Finch additional reference.

© Alessandro Gelsumini · CC BY-SA 3.0Unmodified; website may crop for display.
Female Green-backed Twinspot reference.
Green-backed Twinspot

Female Green-backed Twinspot reference.

© suncana · CC BY 4.0Unmodified; website may crop for display.
Female Red-cheeked Cordon-bleu example; owner species unconfirmed.
Red-cheeked Cordon-bleu — example species

Female Red-cheeked Cordon-bleu example; owner species unconfirmed.

© Charles J. Sharp · CC BY-SA 4.0Unmodified; website may crop for display.
Gouldian Finch nestlings with characteristic reflective blue-white gape papillae and patterned mouths.
Gouldian Finch nestling

Gouldian Finch nestlings with characteristic reflective blue-white gape papillae and patterned mouths.

© Camille Gillet · CC BY-SA 4.0Unmodified; website may crop for display.
Juvenile Gouldian Finch before adult plumage; gape papillae are still visible.
Gouldian Finch juvenile

Juvenile Gouldian Finch before adult plumage; gape papillae are still visible.

© Martin Pot · CC BY-SA 3.0Unmodified; website may crop for display.
User-supplied photograph of Rami’s Green-backed Twinspots in their cage.
Rami’s Green-backed Twinspots

User-supplied photograph of Rami’s Green-backed Twinspots in their cage.

© Rami — user-supplied photograph · User supplied for this project; no general reuse licence grantedUnmodified; website may crop for display.
Adult male Violet-eared Waxbill at Mokala National Park, South Africa; purple cheek, chestnut underparts and blue tail visible.
Violet-eared Waxbill

Adult male Violet-eared Waxbill at Mokala National Park, South Africa; purple cheek, chestnut underparts and blue tail visible.

© Bernard DUPONT from FRANCE · CC BY-SA 2.0Resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; full frame retained, with no changes to colours or bird features. Website preserves image proportions.
Adult female Violet-eared Waxbill at Mokala National Park, South Africa; paler buff body and violet cheek visible.
Violet-eared Waxbill — female reference

Adult female Violet-eared Waxbill at Mokala National Park, South Africa; paler buff body and violet cheek visible.

© Bernard DUPONT from FRANCE · CC BY-SA 2.0Resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; full frame retained, with no changes to colours or bird features. Website preserves image proportions.
Peters’s Twinspot in Zimbabwe, showing the crimson face and throat, brown back and white-spotted black underparts.
Peters’s Twinspot

Peters’s Twinspot in Zimbabwe, showing the crimson face and throat, brown back and white-spotted black underparts.

© Derek Keats from Johannesburg, South Africa · CC BY 2.0Resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; full frame retained, with no changes to colours or bird features. Website preserves image proportions.
Full-body Peters’s Twinspot reference photographed in Malawi, showing the red face and white-spotted black belly.
Peters’s Twinspot — full-body reference

Full-body Peters’s Twinspot reference photographed in Malawi, showing the red face and white-spotted black belly.

© Francesco Veronesi from Italy · CC BY-SA 2.0Resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; full frame retained, with no changes to colours or bird features. Website preserves image proportions.
Lavender Waxbill reference photographed in The Gambia, showing grey-lavender plumage, the dark eye stripe and reddish tail.
Lavender Waxbill

Lavender Waxbill reference photographed in The Gambia, showing grey-lavender plumage, the dark eye stripe and reddish tail.

© Charles J. Sharp · CC BY-SA 4.0Resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; full frame retained, with no changes to colours or bird features. Website preserves image proportions.
Lavender Waxbill reference at San Diego Zoo, showing grey plumage, dark underparts and the red rump and tail.
Lavender Waxbill — captive reference

Lavender Waxbill reference at San Diego Zoo, showing grey plumage, dark underparts and the red rump and tail.

© DickDaniels (http://carolinabirds.org/) · CC BY-SA 3.0Resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; full frame retained, with no changes to colours or bird features. Website preserves image proportions.
Beautiful Firetail reference photograph, showing finely barred grey plumage, a dark eye mask and red rump.
Beautiful Firetail

Beautiful Firetail reference photograph, showing finely barred grey plumage, a dark eye mask and red rump.

© Dominic Sherony · CC BY-SA 2.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Black-throated Finch reference photograph, showing its grey head, black bib and dark bill.
Black-throated Finch

Black-throated Finch reference photograph, showing its grey head, black bib and dark bill.

© Dominic Sherony · CC BY-SA 2.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Chestnut Munia reference photograph, showing the dark head and rich chestnut body.
Chestnut Munia

Chestnut Munia reference photograph, showing the dark head and rich chestnut body.

© lwolfartist · CC BY 2.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Chestnut-breasted Mannikin reference photograph, showing a chestnut breast band, dark face and pale belly.
Chestnut-breasted Mannikin

Chestnut-breasted Mannikin reference photograph, showing a chestnut breast band, dark face and pale belly.

© Paul Balfe · CC BY 2.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Three Masked Finches photographed at Toledo Zoo, showing yellow bills and black face masks.
Masked Finch

Three Masked Finches photographed at Toledo Zoo, showing yellow bills and black face masks.

© Justin Rumao from Crestview Hills, KY, USA · CC BY-SA 2.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Red-browed Finch reference photograph, showing the red eyebrow and bill, olive back and grey breast.
Red-browed Finch

Red-browed Finch reference photograph, showing the red eyebrow and bill, olive back and grey breast.

© Duncan McCaskill · CC BY 3.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Long-tailed Finch reference photograph, showing the long pointed tail, black throat bib and red bill.
Long-tailed Finch

Long-tailed Finch reference photograph, showing the long pointed tail, black throat bib and red bill.

© DickDaniels ( http://theworldbirds.org/ ) · CC BY-SA 3.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Adult male Painted Finch reference photographed at Karratha, Western Australia; red face and white-spotted dark underparts visible.
Painted Finch

Adult male Painted Finch reference photographed at Karratha, Western Australia; red face and white-spotted dark underparts visible.

© Jim Bendon from Karratha, Australia · CC BY-SA 2.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Diamond Firetail identification photograph, showing the red rump and bill, white throat, black breast band and spotted flanks.
Diamond Firetail

Diamond Firetail identification photograph, showing the red rump and bill, white throat, black breast band and spotted flanks.

© Kelly.m.debono · CC BY 3.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Pale-headed Munia reference photographed on Sulawesi; pale head and contrasting brown body visible.
Pale-headed Munia

Pale-headed Munia reference photographed on Sulawesi; pale head and contrasting brown body visible.

© Francesco Veronesi from Italy · CC BY-SA 2.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Male Crimson Finch reference photograph, showing bright red plumage, dark belly and long tail.
Crimson Finch

Male Crimson Finch reference photograph, showing bright red plumage, dark belly and long tail.

© Summerdrought · CC BY-SA 4.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Yellow-rumped Mannikin reference photographed feeding among grass stems; pale head, brown back and yellowish rump visible.
Yellow-rumped Mannikin

Yellow-rumped Mannikin reference photographed feeding among grass stems; pale head, brown back and yellowish rump visible.

© Alan Bell · CC BY 4.0Proportionally JPEG-compressed for web delivery; full frame and any photographer watermark retained. No changes to colours or bird features.
Male Plum-headed Finch reference photograph, showing the plum-coloured crown, dark bib and barred underparts.
Plum-headed Finch

Male Plum-headed Finch reference photograph, showing the plum-coloured crown, dark bib and barred underparts.

© Paul Balfe · CC BY 2.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Pictorella Mannikin reference photographed at Taronga Zoo, showing the contrasting dark face and white-speckled breast.
Pictorella Mannikin

Pictorella Mannikin reference photographed at Taronga Zoo, showing the contrasting dark face and white-speckled breast.

© Jss367 · CC BY-SA 4.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Australian Zebra Finch reference photograph, showing the orange cheek patch, striped throat, black breast band and spotted chestnut flanks.
Australian Zebra Finch

Australian Zebra Finch reference photograph, showing the orange cheek patch, striped throat, black breast band and spotted chestnut flanks.

© Luis Miguel Bugallo Sánchez (Lmbuga) · CC BY-SA 3.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Male Star Finch reference photograph, showing the red face and bill, olive body and pale spotted breast.
Star Finch

Male Star Finch reference photograph, showing the red face and bill, olive body and pale spotted breast.

© Greg Scales · CC BY 2.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Yellow-billed Blue Finch reference photograph from northeastern Brazil; blue body and yellow bill visible. This is not a parrotfinch.
Blue Finch

Yellow-billed Blue Finch reference photograph from northeastern Brazil; blue body and yellow bill visible. This is not a parrotfinch.

© Nomdeploom · CC0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Saffron Finch reference photograph from Hawaii, showing yellow plumage with orange on the forehead.
Saffron Finch

Saffron Finch reference photograph from Hawaii, showing yellow plumage with orange on the forehead.

© ImagePerson · CC BY 4.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Scaly-breasted Munia reference photograph, showing the brown head and scale-patterned pale underparts.
Scaly-breasted Munia

Scaly-breasted Munia reference photograph, showing the brown head and scale-patterned pale underparts.

© Satdeep Gill · CC BY-SA 4.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Double-barred Finch reference photograph, showing its pale face, two dark breast bands and white-spotted wing coverts.
Double-barred Finch

Double-barred Finch reference photograph, showing its pale face, two dark breast bands and white-spotted wing coverts.

© Summerdrought · CC BY-SA 4.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
European Greenfinch reference photograph, showing the strong bill and yellow patches on the wing and tail.
European Greenfinch

European Greenfinch reference photograph, showing the strong bill and yellow patches on the wing and tail.

© Martin Kunz · CC BY 4.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
European Goldfinch reference photograph, showing its red face, black-and-white head and yellow wing stripe.
European Goldfinch

European Goldfinch reference photograph, showing its red face, black-and-white head and yellow wing stripe.

© Francis C. Franklin · CC BY-SA 3.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Red Avadavat reference photograph in red, white-spotted breeding plumage, photographed among grass stems.
Red Avadavat

Red Avadavat reference photograph in red, white-spotted breeding plumage, photographed among grass stems.

© Drsssuresh1961 · CC BY-SA 4.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Java Sparrow reference photograph, showing the dark cap, white cheek patches, pink bill and grey body.
Java Sparrow

Java Sparrow reference photograph, showing the dark cap, white cheek patches, pink bill and grey body.

© Larry D. Moore · CC BY 4.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Common Chaffinch reference photograph, showing the blue-grey crown, warm underparts and contrasting white wing bars.
Common Chaffinch

Common Chaffinch reference photograph, showing the blue-grey crown, warm underparts and contrasting white wing bars.

© Martin Kunz · CC BY 3.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Common-type Redpoll reference photograph from Toronto, showing a red forehead, dark chin and streaked plumage.
Redpoll

Common-type Redpoll reference photograph from Toronto, showing a red forehead, dark chin and streaked plumage.

© Mykola Swarnyk · CC BY-SA 3.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Blue-faced Parrotfinch reference photograph, showing the blue face, green body and red rump.
Blue-faced Parrotfinch

Blue-faced Parrotfinch reference photograph, showing the blue face, green body and red rump.

© Nrg800 · CC BY-SA 3.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Red-faced Parrotfinch reference photograph, showing the red face and throat, green body and red tail.
Red-faced Parrotfinch

Red-faced Parrotfinch reference photograph, showing the red face and throat, green body and red tail.

© Trisha Shears from Louisville, Kentucky, United States · CC BY-SA 2.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Tawny-breasted Parrotfinch reference photographed at Cibodas Botanical Garden, Java; tawny underparts and blue forehead visible.
Tawny-breasted Parrotfinch

Tawny-breasted Parrotfinch reference photographed at Cibodas Botanical Garden, Java; tawny underparts and blue forehead visible.

© Shah Jahan · CC BY-SA 3.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Red-eared Parrotfinch reference photograph, showing the blue face, orange-red ear patch and green body.
Red-eared Parrotfinch

Red-eared Parrotfinch reference photograph, showing the blue face, orange-red ear patch and green body.

© Aimee Valencia · CC BY-SA 4.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Papuan Parrotfinch field photograph identified by the source, among vegetation. The bird is small in the frame; this image alone cannot distinguish every similar parrotfinch.
Papuan Parrotfinch

Papuan Parrotfinch field photograph identified by the source, among vegetation. The bird is small in the frame; this image alone cannot distinguish every similar parrotfinch.

© Mehd Halaouate · CC BY-NC 4.0Proportionally JPEG-compressed for web delivery; full frame and any photographer watermark retained. No changes to colours or bird features.
Fiji Parrotfinch reference photographed at Savusavu, showing the red head, green body and blue on the upper breast.
Fiji Parrotfinch

Fiji Parrotfinch reference photographed at Savusavu, showing the red head, green body and blue on the upper breast.

© Aviceda · CC BY-SA 3.0Proportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Historical scientific illustration of the Vanuatu regia form, labelled Erythrospiza regia in Joseph Smit’s 1881 plate. This is an illustration, not a photograph.
Royal Parrotfinch

Historical scientific illustration of the Vanuatu regia form, labelled Erythrospiza regia in Joseph Smit’s 1881 plate. This is an illustration, not a photograph.

© Joseph Smit (1836–1929) · Public domain — 1881 illustrationProportionally resized and JPEG-compressed for web delivery; complete downloaded source frame retained. No changes to bird features or colours. Wikimedia source versions may include the original contributor’s edits.
Lesser-type Redpoll reference photograph, identified in the source as Carduelis cabaret. The guide discusses this form within Redpoll.
Redpoll — Lesser form

Lesser-type Redpoll reference photograph, identified in the source as Carduelis cabaret. The guide discusses this form within Redpoll.

© Lawrie Phipps · CC BY 2.0JPEG-compressed for web delivery; full downloaded frame retained without alteration to colours or bird features.

الغذاء والمكملات · مصدر الصورة

Avidress Plus

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Röhnfried

Cip-Vit

صورة أصلية للمنتج من موزّع؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. www.futtermittel-pukat.com

Fitobiol

صورة أصلية للمنتج من موزّع؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. www.orniplus.com

Origan+ Polvere · مسحوق

صورة أصلية للمنتج من موزّع؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. www.ornithobird.com

Forte Breeder-Mix

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Manufacturer or brand owner Product photograph; no open licence stated.

Calci Pro

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Manufacturer or brand owner Product photograph; no open licence stated.

Exogould Mix Excellent Gould

صورة أصلية للمنتج من موزّع؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. www.ornicimashop.it

56 · Foreign Finches Super

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Deli Nature Manufacturer product photograph; no open licence stated

Grit · exact variant pending

مثال لعبوة الشركة فقط؛ نوع الحصى الذي يملكه المالك غير مؤكد. Deli Nature Manufacturer product photograph; no open licence stated

Original Concen Plus · Sustituto Germinado Sin Doré (GREEN)

صورة حقيقية من متجر Pajareras لمرجع Sin Doré الذي أكده المالك. يختلف تصميم العبوة عن ملصق GREEN لدى المالك؛ ويُحتفظ بالملصق الأصلي أدناه.

Le Gocce PRO30 Neutro

صورة أصلية للمنتج من موزّع؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. AllPet packaging, distributed by HodowlaPapug.pl Product photograph distributed by specialist retailer; no open licence stated

غذاء البيض للفنش الاستوائي

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. CéDé Manufacturer product photograph; no open licence stated

Orlux Eggfood Dry Tropical Finches

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Versele-Laga Manufacturer product photograph; no open licence stated

Amin-Vita

صورة أصلية للمنتج من موزّع؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. Product photograph supplied by the cited retailer Product photograph; no open licence stated.

Japanese millet

صورة مرجعية للمكوّن؛ لا تمثل عبوة شركة مصنّعة. New York Bird Supply Retailer product-identification image; no general reuse licence asserted.

دخن أبيض

صورة مرجعية للمكوّن؛ لا تمثل عبوة شركة مصنّعة. Ingredient reference distributed by New York Bird Supply Retailer ingredient photograph; no open licence stated

بذور بريلا بيضاء

صورة مرجعية للمكوّن؛ لا تمثل عبوة شركة مصنّعة. ornizin.it

Organic Spirulina Powder

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Micro Ingredients Manufacturer product photograph; no open licence stated

Pollen

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Wisbroek Manufacturer product photograph; no open licence stated

Cuttlebone

صورة مرجعية للمكوّن؛ لا تمثل عبوة شركة مصنّعة. No machine-readable author provided. Mgiganteus assumed (based on copyright claims). CC BY-SA 3.0

Eggshell supplement

صورة مرجعية للمكوّن؛ لا تمثل عبوة شركة مصنّعة. H. Zell CC BY-SA 3.0

Tricho 10 Plus

صورة أصلية للمنتج من موزّع؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. Product photograph supplied by the cited retailer Product photograph; no open licence stated.

Fungi Plus MS

صورة أصلية للمنتج من موزّع؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. Product photograph supplied by the cited retailer Product photograph; no open licence stated.

Protector Hepático · Cardo Mariano y Alcachofa

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Ornizín

Kure Total Evolution

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Ornizín

Megater · سائل

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Ornizín

Sedochol

صورة أصلية للمنتج من موزّع؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. columbovet.ro

Taubengold

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Röhnfried

Bt-Amin forte

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Röhnfried

Nystamyn 2 Polvere

صورة أصلية للمنتج من موزّع؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. www.northcarolinabirdsupply.com

SilyPro

صورة أصلية للمنتج من موزّع؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. www.northcarolinabirdsupply.com

EnzyComplex

صورة أصلية للمنتج من موزّع؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. www.northcarolinabirdsupply.com

Calcio D3 · سائل

صورة أصلية للمنتج من موزّع؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. www.futtermittel-pukat.com

Antisteril · سائل

صورة أصلية للمنتج من موزّع؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. www.northcarolinabirdsupply.com

Super Top Cría · 200g

صورة أصلية للمنتج من موزّع؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. www.ornithobird.com

Avifor Forte · 250ml

صورة أصلية للمنتج من موزّع؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. www.ornicimashop.it

Multivit · سائل160ml

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Ornizín

Fructose · إضافة للطاقة

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Manufacturer or brand owner Product photograph; no open licence stated.

Hemp Seed Oil · زيت بذور القنب

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Manufacturer or brand owner Product photograph; no open licence stated.

Calci Plus · كالسيوم + فيتامين D3 + مغنيسيوم

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Manufacturer or brand owner Product photograph; no open licence stated.

Vitamin E Liquid + Selenium · فيتامين E وسيلينيوم

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Manufacturer or brand owner Product photograph; no open licence stated.

A+D3+E+C · فيتامين D3 إضافي

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Manufacturer or brand owner Product photograph; no open licence stated.

Multi Vit+ · متعدد فيتامينات سائل

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Manufacturer or brand owner Product photograph; no open licence stated.

Oropharma Ferti-Vit · 200 غرام

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Versele-Laga Manufacturer product photograph; no open licence stated

Moxidectine Plus · 100 مل

صورة أصلية للمنتج من موزّع؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. Product photograph supplied by the cited retailer Product photograph; no open licence stated.

Moxidectin Plus · 125 مل

صورة أصلية للمنتج من موزّع؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. Product photograph supplied by the cited retailer Product photograph; no open licence stated.

Fungi Plus Powder · 100 غرام

صورة أصلية للمنتج من موزّع؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. Product photograph supplied by the cited retailer Product photograph; no open licence stated.

Fungi Powder · 100 غرام

صورة أصلية للمنتج من موزّع؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. Product photograph supplied by the cited retailer Product photograph; no open licence stated.

Master 5 in 1 · 100 غرام

صورة أصلية للمنتج من موزّع؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. Product photograph supplied by the cited retailer Product photograph; no open licence stated.

ПИПИО / Pipio 8 in 1 · مسحوق 100 غرام

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Manufacturer or brand owner Product photograph; no open licence stated.

SCATT · 50 مل

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Manufacturer or brand owner Product photograph; no open licence stated.

S76 · زجاجة موردة للسوق البريطاني

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Manufacturer or brand owner Product photograph; no open licence stated.

Virkon S · عبوة معاد تعبئتها عرّفها المربي

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Manufacturer or brand owner Product photograph; no open licence stated.

غذاء الحشرات

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. CéDé Manufacturer product photograph; no open licence stated

غذاء البيض للفنش البريطاني

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. CéDé Manufacturer product photograph; no open licence stated

مزيج البروتين

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. CéDé Manufacturer product photograph; no open licence stated

NutriBird Insect Patee Premium

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Versele-Laga Manufacturer product photograph; no open licence stated

Fly TH Exotic

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Raggio di Sole Manufacturer product photograph; no open licence stated

Fly TH World

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Raggio di Sole Manufacturer product photograph; no open licence stated

Fly Gemme White Blend

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Raggio di Sole Manufacturer product photograph; no open licence stated

Fly TH Indios

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Raggio di Sole Manufacturer product photograph; no open licence stated

Raw Organic Milk Thistle Seed Powder · 8 oz (227 g)

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. BareOrganics Manufacturer product photograph; no open licence stated

Organic Chlorella Powder · مسحوق كلوريلا، 227 غ

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. BareOrganics Manufacturer product photograph; no open licence stated

Raw Organic Wheat Grass Powder · مسحوق عشبة القمح، 227 غ

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. BareOrganics Manufacturer product photograph; no open licence stated

Organic Marine Super Greens Powder · مزيج طحالب، 227 غ

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. BareOrganics Manufacturer product photograph; no open licence stated

Brewer’s Yeast · خميرة البيرة 600 غرام

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Manufacturer or brand owner Product photograph; no open licence stated.

Belvimin

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Manufacturer or brand owner Product photograph; no open licence stated.

Thermae Bathsalt · أملاح استحمام 750 غرام

صورة أصلية للمنتج من موزّع؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. Product photograph supplied by the cited retailer Product photograph; no open licence stated.

Granulated Floorcovering · حبيبات 2.5–5 مم

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Manufacturer or brand owner Product photograph; no open licence stated.

حصى معدني ناعم دون فحم · 2.5 كغ

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Orniluck Manufacturer product photograph; no open licence stated

NutriBird C15 · حبيبات الصيانة

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Versele-Laga Manufacturer product photograph; no open licence stated

Vanisanbad 6500 + Eucalyptus · 1200 غرام

صورة المنتج من الشركة؛ قد تختلف العبوة وحجمها. طابق الملصق الحالي. Manufacturer or brand owner Product photograph; no open licence stated.

IVOMEC 1% Injection · إيفرمكتين

عائلة عبوات IVOMEC 1% Injection الرسمية: 1000 مل و500 مل و50 مل. قد تختلف الأحجام والتعبئة الإقليمية عن علبة المربي. Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health صورة منتج رسمية؛ لم يُذكر ترخيص مفتوح لإعادة الاستخدام.

رسم توضيحي تعليمي

رسم توضيحي تعليمي · AI / OpenAI. مراحل الحياة: Chloebia gouldiae.